Pecahan bilangan produk/teknologi tempatan mengikut kategori organisasi seperti gambar rajah di atas menunjukkan bahawa sebahagian besar produk/teknologi yang berpotensi untuk dikomersialkan ialah hasil daripada aktiviti R&D yang dijalankan di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam diikuti oleh Syarikat Swasta, Agensi Kerajaan dan Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Swasta.
Ranking and Score: Malaysia and other Selected Countries in Global Innovation Index (GII), 2013-2019
| COUNTRY / ECONOMY | INCOME | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | |||||||
| RANK | SCORE (0-100) | RANK | SCORE (0-100) | RANK | SCORE (0-100) | RANK | SCORE (0-100) | RANK | SCORE (0-100) | RANK | SCORE (0-100) | RANK | SCORE (0-100) | ||
| Switzerland | HI | 1 | 67.24 | 1 | 68.4 | 1 | 67.69 | 1 | 66.28 | 1 | 68.3 | 1 | 64.78 | 1 | 66.59 |
| Sweden | HI | 2 | 63.65 | 3 | 63.08 | 2 | 63.82 | 2 | 63.57 | 3 | 62.4 | 3 | 62.29 | 2 | 61.36 |
| USA | HI | 3 | 61.73 | 6 | 59.81 | 4 | 61.4 | 4 | 61.4 | 5 | 60.1 | 6 | 60.09 | 5 | 60.31 |
| Netherlands | HI | 4 | 61.44 | 2 | 63.32 | 3 | 63.36 | 9 | 58.29 | 4 | 61.58 | 5 | 60.59 | 4 | 61.14 |
| United Kingdom | HI | 5 | 61.30 | 4 | 60.13 | 5 | 60.89 | 3 | 61.93 | 2 | 62.42 | 2 | 62.37 | 3 | 61.25 |
| Finland | HI | 6 | 59.83 | 7 | 59.63 | 8 | 58.49 | 5 | 59.9 | 6 | 59.97 | 4 | 60.67 | 6 | 59.51 |
| Denmark | HI | 7 | 58.44 | 8 | 58.39 | 6 | 58.7 | 8 | 58.45 | 10 | 57.7 | 8 | 57.52 | 9 | 58.34 |
| Singapore | HI | 8 | 58.37 | 5 | 59.83 | 7 | 58.69 | 6 | 59.16 | 7 | 59.36 | 7 | 59.24 | 8 | 59.41 |
| Hong Kong (China) | HI | 13 | 55.54 | 14 | 54.62 | 16 | 53.88 | 14 | 55.69 | 11 | 57.23 | 10 | 56.82 | 7 | 59.43 |
| China | UM | 14 | 54.82 | 17 | 53.06 | 22 | 52.54 | 25 | 50.57 | 29 | 47.47 | 29 | 46.57 | 35 | 44.66 |
| Cyprus | HI | 28 | 48.34 | 29 | 47.83 | 30 | 46.84 | 31 | 46.34 | 34 | 43.51 | 30 | 45.82 | 27 | 49.32 |
| Spain | HI | 29 | 47.85 | 28 | 48.68 | 28 | 48.41 | 28 | 49.19 | 27 | 49.07 | 27 | 49.27 | 26 | 49.41 |
| Slovenia | HI | 31 | 45.25 | 30 | 46.87 | 32 | 45.8 | 32 | 45.97 | 28 | 48.49 | 28 | 47.23 | 30 | 47.32 |
| Portugal | HI | 32 | 44.65 | 32 | 45.71 | 31 | 46.05 | 30 | 46.45 | 30 | 46.61 | 32 | 45.63 | 34 | 45.1 |
| Malaysia | UM | 35 | 42.68 | 35 | 43.16 | 37 | 42.72 | 35 | 43.36 | 32 | 45.98 | 33 | 45.6 | 32 | 46.92 |
Notes: HI - high income, UM-upper middle, LM-lower middle :
Number of participating countries: 129 countries (2019); 126 countries (2018); 127 countries (2017); 128 countries (2016); 141 countries (2015); 143 countries (2014); 142 countries (2013)
Source: https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/en/2019/
The table above shows the achievement of several countries in the Global Innovation Index for 2013-2019. Malaysia is categorised as an Upper Middle (UM) income country based on its gross national income (GNI) per capita. In 2019, Malaysia ranked 35th, remains the same position as last year.
Malaysian Human Resources in STI (MyHRSTI)
Maklumat yang terkandung dalam Pangkalan Data Malaysian Human Resources in STI (MyHRSTI) sentiasa dikemas kini bagi memastikan MASTIC sentiasa menyediakan maklumat S&T yang boleh dipercayai, terkini dan komprehensif. Sepanjang tahun 2017, MASTIC telah berjaya mengemas kini data modal insan S&T di peringkat Kementerian. Kini, MASTIC sedang giat mengemas kini data MyHRSTI di peringkat kebangsaan secara berfasa.
Sehingga Jun 2018, sejumlah 19,146 rekod penyelidik dan 6,382 rekod pakar telah didaftarkan dalam MyHRSTI.
Pengguna boleh mencapai maklumat yang terkandung dalam pangkalan data MyHRSTI secara PERCUMA menerusi sistem Krste.my (https://krste.my). Carian maklumat modal insan S&T dalam sistem Krste.my boleh dilakukan dengan langkah berikut : Home> Search KRSTE > Advanced Search> Search Type> Select ‘Person’.
Score :
2016 : 69.16 (Score Max:91.3)
2017 : 66.98 (Score Max:89.0)
2018 : 64.79 (Score Max:89.3)
2019 : 67.61 (Score Max:87.38)
Note :
2016 : Ranked from 84 countries
2017 : Ranked from 78 countries
2018 : Ranked from 80 countries
2019 : Ranked from 95 countries
National Survey of Innovation 2012
The classification of innovative and non-innovative respondents based on business sector is shown in the figure above. Based on the number of respondents from the manufacturing and services sectors, majority of the innovative respondents came from the services sector with 62%, while the remaining were from the manufacturing sector with 38%. On the other hand, the highest non-innovative companies were from manufacturing sector with 58% as compared to service sector with 42%.
| No | Country | 2018 | 2017-2018 | 2016-2017 | 2015-2016 | 2014-2015 | |||||
| Rank | Score | Rank | Score | Rank | Score | Rank | Score | Rank | Score | ||
| 1 | United States | 1 | 85.6 | 2 | 5.85 | 3 | 5.7 | 3 | 5.61 | 3 | 5.54 |
| 2 | Singapore | 2 | 83.5 | 3 | 5.71 | 2 | 5.72 | 2 | 5.68 | 2 | 5.65 |
| 3 | Switzerland | 3 | 82.6 | 1 | 5.86 | 1 | 5.81 | 1 | 5.76 | 1 | 5.7 |
| 4 | Japan | 4 | 82.5 | 9 | 5.49 | 8 | 5.48 | 6 | 5.47 | 6 | 5.47 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 8 | 82 | 8 | 5.41 | 7 | 5.49 | 10 | 5.43 | 9 | 5.41 |
| 6 | Australia | 14 | 78.9 | 21 | 5.19 | 22 | 5.19 | 21 | 5.15 | 22 | 5.08 |
| 7 | Malaysia | 25 | 74.4 | 23 | 5.17 | 25 | 5.16 | 18 | 5.23 | 20 | 5.16 |
| 8 | China | 28 | 72.6 | 27 | 5 | 28 | 4.95 | 28 | 4.89 | 28 | 4.89 |
| 9 | Thailand | 38 | 67.5 | 32 | 4.72 | 34 | 4.64 | 32 | 4.64 | 31 | 4.66 |
| 10 | Soudi Arabia | 39 | 67.5 | 30 | 4.83 | 29 | 4.84 | 25 | 5.17 | 24 | 5.06 |
| 11 | Indonesia | 45 | 64.9 | 36 | 4.68 | 41 | 4.52 | 37 | 4.52 | 34 | 4.57 |
Url for full report : http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-2018/downloads/
Note :
Number of participating countries :- 140 (2018); 137 (2017); 138 (2016); 140 (2015); 144 (2014)
2017-2018 - revised using the new methodology
The table above shows the ranking of selected countries in the global competitiveness index (GCI) for the years of 2014 to 2018. In 2018, the new methodology and structure of global competitiveness index (GCI) were introduced. Malaysia was ranked 25th (up 1 spot) out of 140 countries in GCR 2018as compared to last year position 26th out of 137 countries (refer to chart- revised score using new methodology). Malaysia scored 74.4, an increase from its previous score of 73.3 in 2017.
Malaysia’s GERD has increased since 2008. From RM6,071 million in 2008, expenditure on R&D increased gradually up to RM17,685 million in 2016. GERD in 2016 is three times than that in 2008. However, GERD has decreased in 2018, from RM17,685 million in 2016 to RM15,060 million in 2018. Nevertheless, it is still recorded as the second highest GERD to date.
Data coverage: Scopus, 2001-2017
Date of Data Extraction: 24th August 2018
Note: Growth rate (%) = [(Present value- Past value)/Past value] x 100
A manifold increase in the number of publications can be seen from 2001 to 2011. However, the rise in the number of publications shows a slower incline from 2012 to 2017.
Overall, Malaysians were interested in STI and only a small percentage was unsure or did not know much about STI.
Most respondents (84% of them) stated that they were interested or very interested in "the use of new inventions and technologies", followed by "new medical discoveries" (79%), "innovation" (78%) and "new scientific discoveries" (76%).